Predict the major products of the following reactions.
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Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Identify the functional groups in the given molecule. The molecule contains an aldehyde group (-CHO) and a ketone group (C=O) attached to a cyclohexane ring.
2. Step 2: Recognize the reagent used in the reaction. The reagent is Tollens' reagent, which consists of [Ag(NH3)2]+ and OH-. Tollens' reagent selectively oxidizes aldehydes to carboxylic acids while leaving ketones unaffected.
3. Step 3: Predict the reaction mechanism. The aldehyde group (-CHO) will be oxidized by Tollens' reagent to form a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). The ketone group (C=O) will remain unchanged because Tollens' reagent does not react with ketones.
4. Step 4: Write the structure of the major product. Replace the aldehyde group (-CHO) with a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) while keeping the ketone group (C=O) intact.
5. Step 5: Verify the stereochemistry and connectivity of the product. Ensure that the cyclohexane ring remains unchanged and the functional groups are correctly positioned in the major product.

Key Concepts

Reaction Mechanisms

Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial in organic chemistry as they describe the step-by-step process by which reactants transform into products. This includes identifying intermediates, transition states, and the movement of electrons. Familiarity with mechanisms helps predict the outcome of reactions and the stability of products formed.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Recognizing functional groups allows chemists to predict reactivity patterns and the types of reactions that can occur, which is essential for determining the major products of a reaction.

Regioselectivity and Stereoselectivity

Regioselectivity refers to the preference of a chemical reaction to occur at one location over another in a molecule, while stereoselectivity involves the preference for the formation of one stereoisomer over others. Understanding these concepts is vital for predicting the major products, especially in reactions involving multiple possible sites of reaction or stereochemical outcomes.