What is the correct IUPAC name for the compound with the structure ${\mathrm{CH}}_3-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_2-{\mathrm{CH}}_3$?

• A. Butane
• B. Propane
• C. Hexane
• D. Pentane

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the given compound. The structure is \( \mathrm{CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-CH_3} \), which contains 5 carbon atoms connected in a straight chain.
2. Recall the IUPAC nomenclature for alkanes, where the suffix '-ane' is used for saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes), and the prefix indicates the number of carbon atoms: 1 carbon = methane, 2 = ethane, 3 = propane, 4 = butane, 5 = pentane, 6 = hexane, etc.
3. Since the longest chain has 5 carbons, the base name of the compound is 'pentane'.
4. Check for any substituents or branches on the main chain. In this case, the compound is a straight chain with no branches or functional groups, so no additional prefixes or locants are needed.
5. Therefore, the correct IUPAC name for the compound is 'pentane'.