Predict the product(s) of the following reactions.
(b)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the starting material: The structure shown is naphthalene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
2. Recognize the reagent: H₂CrO₄ (chromic acid) in the presence of water and heat is a strong oxidizing agent.
3. Understand the reaction conditions: Chromic acid is known to oxidize alkyl side chains on aromatic rings to carboxylic acids.
4. Predict the reaction outcome: If there were any alkyl side chains on the naphthalene, they would be oxidized to carboxylic acids. However, naphthalene itself, without any side chains, is resistant to oxidation under these conditions.
5. Conclude the reaction: Since naphthalene lacks oxidizable side chains, the reaction with H₂CrO₄, H₂O, and heat will not alter the naphthalene structure, and no reaction occurs.

Key Concepts

Reaction Mechanisms

Understanding reaction mechanisms is crucial in organic chemistry as they describe the step-by-step process by which reactants transform into products. This includes identifying intermediates, transition states, and the movement of electrons. Familiarity with mechanisms helps predict the outcome of reactions and the stability of products formed.

Functional Groups

Functional groups are specific groups of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Recognizing functional groups allows chemists to predict reactivity patterns and the types of reactions that can occur. For example, alcohols, carboxylic acids, and amines each have distinct behaviors in chemical reactions.

Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry involves the study of the spatial arrangement of atoms in molecules and how this affects their chemical behavior. It is essential for predicting the products of reactions, especially in cases where chirality or geometric isomerism is involved. Understanding stereochemistry helps in determining the specific isomers that may be produced in a reaction.