What is the IUPAC name of the compound ${\mathrm{CH}}_3\mathrm{CH}\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\right)\mathrm{CH}\left({\mathrm{CH}}_3\right){\mathrm{CH}}_2{\mathrm{CH}}_3$?

• A. 2,2-dimethylpentane
• B. 2,3-dimethylhexane
• C. 3,4-dimethylpentane
• D. 2,3-dimethylpentane

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the longest continuous carbon chain in the molecule. Count the number of carbons in this main chain to determine the parent alkane name. For example, if the longest chain has 5 carbons, the parent name is 'pentane'.
2. Number the carbon atoms in the main chain from the end nearest to the first substituent (branch) to give the substituents the lowest possible numbers. This ensures correct and standardized naming according to IUPAC rules.
3. Identify and locate the substituents attached to the main chain. In this case, look for methyl groups (–CH₃) attached to the main chain carbons. Note their positions based on the numbering from the previous step.
4. Combine the substituent names and their positions with the parent alkane name. Use prefixes like 'di-' if there are two identical substituents, and list substituents in alphabetical order if different. For example, '2,3-dimethylpentane' indicates methyl groups on carbons 2 and 3 of a pentane chain.
5. Double-check the numbering to ensure the substituents have the lowest possible numbers and that the name follows IUPAC conventions, including hyphens and commas placement.