Show how you would make each compound, beginning with an alcohol of your choice.
(g)
(h)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: For compound (g), identify the target molecule as a ketone with a cyclohexane ring and a tertiary butyl group attached. To synthesize this compound, start with an alcohol that can be oxidized to the ketone. Choose an alcohol such as 1-tert-butylcyclohexanol.
2. Step 2: Perform an oxidation reaction to convert the alcohol to the ketone. Use an oxidizing agent such as PCC (Pyridinium Chlorochromate) or Jones reagent (CrO3/H2SO4) under controlled conditions to avoid overoxidation.
3. Step 3: For compound (h), identify the target molecule as a cyclohexane ring with a methyl group and a tosylate group in a trans configuration. Start with an alcohol that can be converted to the tosylate. Choose an alcohol such as trans-2-methylcyclohexanol.
4. Step 4: Convert the alcohol to the tosylate by reacting it with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (TsCl) in the presence of a base such as pyridine. This reaction replaces the hydroxyl group with the tosylate group.
5. Step 5: Ensure stereochemistry is preserved during the tosylation reaction. Verify that the trans configuration of the methyl and tosylate groups is maintained in the final product.

Key Concepts

Alcohols as Starting Materials

Alcohols are organic compounds containing one or more hydroxyl (-OH) groups. They serve as versatile starting materials in organic synthesis due to their ability to undergo various reactions, such as oxidation, substitution, and dehydration. Understanding the structure and reactivity of alcohols is crucial for planning synthetic pathways to target compounds.

Functional Group Transformations

Functional group transformations involve converting one functional group into another through chemical reactions. This concept is essential in organic synthesis, as it allows chemists to modify the structure of a compound to achieve desired properties or reactivity. Familiarity with common transformations, such as converting alcohols to aldehydes or ketones, is vital for constructing complex molecules.

Reaction Mechanisms

Understanding reaction mechanisms is key to predicting the outcomes of chemical reactions. A mechanism outlines the step-by-step process by which reactants are converted into products, including the formation and breaking of bonds. Knowledge of mechanisms helps chemists design efficient synthetic routes and anticipate potential side reactions when synthesizing compounds from alcohols.